int myvar = 10; object myObj = myvar;
int myvar2 = (int)myObj;
Using System.IO; File.WriteAllText(”mytextfilePath”, “MyTestContent”)
Eg: enum Fruits { Apple, Orange, Banana, WaterMelon}
Eg: myHashtbl.ContainsKey("1");
public delegate void CalculateMyNumbers(int x, int y); int x = 6; int y = 7; CalculateMyNumbers addMyNumbers = new CalculateMyNumbers(FuncForAddingNumbers); CalculateMyNumbers multiplyMyNumbers = new CalculateMyNumbers(FuncForMultiplyingNumbers); CalculateMyNumbers multiCast = (CalculateMyNumbers)Delegate.Combine (addMyNumbers, multiplyMyNumbers); multiCast.Invoke(a,b);
double? myFirstno = null; double mySecno; mySecno = myFirstno ?? 10.11;
Eg: Int? mynullablevar = null;
using System; using System.Globalization; public class SamplesArray { public static void Main() { // Create and initialize a new CultureInfo array. CultureInfo ci0 = new CultureInfo( "ar-SA", false ); CultureInfo ci1 = new CultureInfo( "en-US", false ); CultureInfo ci2 = new CultureInfo( "fr-FR", false ); CultureInfo ci3 = new CultureInfo( "ja-JP", false ); CultureInfo[] arrCI = new CultureInfo[] { ci0, ci1, ci2, ci3 }; // Create a clone of the CultureInfo array. CultureInfo[] arrCIClone = (CultureInfo[]) arrCI.Clone(); // Replace an element in the clone array. CultureInfo ci4 = new CultureInfo( "th-TH", false ); arrCIClone[0] = ci4; // Display the contents of the original array. Console.WriteLine( "The original array contains the following values:" ); PrintIndexAndValues( arrCI ); // Display the contents of the clone array. Console.WriteLine( "The clone array contains the following values:" ); PrintIndexAndValues( arrCIClone ); // Display the DateTimeFormatInfo.DateSeparator for the fourth element in both arrays. Console.WriteLine( "Before changes to the clone:" ); Console.WriteLine( " Original: The DateTimeFormatInfo.DateSeparator for {0} is {1}.", arrCI[3].Name, arrCI[3].DateTimeFormat.DateSeparator ); Console.WriteLine( " Clone: The DateTimeFormatInfo.DateSeparator for {0} is {1}.", arrCIClone[3].Name, arrCIClone[3].DateTimeFormat.DateSeparator ); // Replace the DateTimeFormatInfo.DateSeparator for the fourth element in the clone array. arrCIClone[3].DateTimeFormat.DateSeparator = "-"; // Display the DateTimeFormatInfo.DateSeparator for the fourth element in both arrays. Console.WriteLine( "After changes to the clone:" ); Console.WriteLine( " Original: The DateTimeFormatInfo.DateSeparator for {0} is {1}.", arrCI[3].Name, arrCI[3].DateTimeFormat.DateSeparator ); Console.WriteLine( " Clone: The DateTimeFormatInfo.DateSeparator for {0} is {1}.", arrCIClone[3].Name, arrCIClone[3].DateTimeFormat.DateSeparator ); } public static void PrintIndexAndValues( Array myArray ) { for ( int i = myArray.GetLowerBound(0); i <= myArray.GetUpperBound(0); i++ ) Console.WriteLine( "\t[{0}]:\t{1}", i, myArray.GetValue( i ) ); } } /* This code produces the following output. The original array contains the following values: [0]: ar-SA [1]: en-US [2]: fr-FR [3]: ja-JP The clone array contains the following values: [0]: th-TH [1]: en-US [2]: fr-FR [3]: ja-JP Before changes to the clone: Original: The DateTimeFormatInfo.DateSeparator for ja-JP is /. Clone: The DateTimeFormatInfo.DateSeparator for ja-JP is /. After changes to the clone: Original: The DateTimeFormatInfo.DateSeparator for ja-JP is -. Clone: The DateTimeFormatInfo.DateSeparator for ja-JP is -. */
object[] myarray = new object[] { "one", 2, "three", 4, "really big number", 2324573984927361 }; //create shallow copy by CopyTo //You have to instantiate your new array first object[] myarray2 = new object[myarray.Length]; //but then you can specify how many members of original array you would like to copy myarray.CopyTo(myarray2, 0); //create shallow copy by Clone object[] myarray1; //here you don't need to instantiate array, //but all elements of the original array will be copied myarray1 = myarray.Clone() as object[]; //if not sure that we create a shalow copy lets test it myarray[0] = 0; Console.WriteLine(myarray[0]);// print 0 Console.WriteLine(myarray1[0]);//print "one" Console.WriteLine(myarray2[0]);//print "one"
StringBuilder TestBuilder = new StringBuilder("Hello");
TestBuilder.Remove(2, 3); // result - "He"
TestBuilder.Insert(2, "lp"); // result - "Help"
TestBuilder.Replace('l', 'a'); // result - "Heap"
public class Program
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
try
{
// something
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
HandleException(ex);
}
}
private static void HandleException(Exception ex)
{
if (ex is ThreadAbortException)
{
// ignore then,
return;
}
if (ex is ArgumentOutOfRangeException)
{
// Log then,
throw ex;
}
if (ex is InvalidOperationException)
{
// Show message then,
throw ex;
}
// and so on.
}
}using Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles; using System; using System.ComponentModel; using System.IO; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; public class FileAssociationInfo : IDisposable { // Private variables. private String ext; private String openCmd; private String args; private SafeRegistryHandle hExtHandle, hAppIdHandle; // Windows API calls. [DllImport("advapi32.dll", CharSet= CharSet.Auto, SetLastError=true)] private static extern int RegOpenKeyEx(IntPtr hKey, String lpSubKey, int ulOptions, int samDesired, out IntPtr phkResult); [DllImport("advapi32.dll", CharSet= CharSet.Unicode, EntryPoint = "RegQueryValueExW", SetLastError=true)] private static extern int RegQueryValueEx(IntPtr hKey, string lpValueName, int lpReserved, out uint lpType, string lpData, ref uint lpcbData); [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)] private static extern int RegSetValueEx(IntPtr hKey, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string lpValueName, int Reserved, uint dwType, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string lpData, int cpData); [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError=true)] private static extern int RegCloseKey(UIntPtr hKey); // Windows API constants. private const int HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT = unchecked((int) 0x80000000); private const int ERROR_SUCCESS = 0; private const int KEY_QUERY_VALUE = 1; private const int KEY_SET_VALUE = 0x2; private const uint REG_SZ = 1; private const int MAX_PATH = 260; public FileAssociationInfo(String fileExtension) { int retVal = 0; uint lpType = 0; if (!fileExtension.StartsWith(".")) fileExtension = "." + fileExtension; ext = fileExtension; IntPtr hExtension = IntPtr.Zero; // Get the file extension value. retVal = RegOpenKeyEx(new IntPtr(HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT), fileExtension, 0, KEY_QUERY_VALUE, out hExtension); if (retVal != ERROR_SUCCESS) throw new Win32Exception(retVal); // Instantiate the first SafeRegistryHandle. hExtHandle = new SafeRegistryHandle(hExtension, true); string appId = new string(' ', MAX_PATH); uint appIdLength = (uint) appId.Length; retVal = RegQueryValueEx(hExtHandle.DangerousGetHandle(), String.Empty, 0, out lpType, appId, ref appIdLength); if (retVal != ERROR_SUCCESS) throw new Win32Exception(retVal); // We no longer need the hExtension handle. hExtHandle.Dispose(); // Determine the number of characters without the terminating null. appId = appId.Substring(0, (int) appIdLength / 2 - 1) + @"\shell\open\Command"; // Open the application identifier key. string exeName = new string(' ', MAX_PATH); uint exeNameLength = (uint) exeName.Length; IntPtr hAppId; retVal = RegOpenKeyEx(new IntPtr(HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT), appId, 0, KEY_QUERY_VALUE | KEY_SET_VALUE, out hAppId); if (retVal != ERROR_SUCCESS) throw new Win32Exception(retVal); // Instantiate the second SafeRegistryHandle. hAppIdHandle = new SafeRegistryHandle(hAppId, true); // Get the executable name for this file type. string exePath = new string(' ', MAX_PATH); uint exePathLength = (uint) exePath.Length; retVal = RegQueryValueEx(hAppIdHandle.DangerousGetHandle(), String.Empty, 0, out lpType, exePath, ref exePathLength); if (retVal != ERROR_SUCCESS) throw new Win32Exception(retVal); // Determine the number of characters without the terminating null. exePath = exePath.Substring(0, (int) exePathLength / 2 - 1); // Remove any environment strings. exePath = Environment.ExpandEnvironmentVariables(exePath); int position = exePath.IndexOf('%'); if (position >= 0) { args = exePath.Substring(position); // Remove command line parameters ('%0', etc.). exePath = exePath.Substring(0, position).Trim(); } openCmd = exePath; } public String Extension { get { return ext; } } public String Open { get { return openCmd; } set { if (hAppIdHandle.IsInvalid | hAppIdHandle.IsClosed) throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot write to registry key."); if (! File.Exists(value)) { string message = String.Format("'{0}' does not exist", value); throw new FileNotFoundException(message); } string cmd = value + " %1"; int retVal = RegSetValueEx(hAppIdHandle.DangerousGetHandle(), String.Empty, 0, REG_SZ, value, value.Length + 1); if (retVal != ERROR_SUCCESS) throw new Win32Exception(retVal); } } public void Dispose() { Dispose(true); GC.SuppressFinalize(this); } protected void Dispose(bool disposing) { // Ordinarily, we release unmanaged resources here; // but all are wrapped by safe handles. // Release disposable objects. if (disposing) { if (hExtHandle != null) hExtHandle.Dispose(); if (hAppIdHandle != null) hAppIdHandle.Dispose(); } } }
public class ThrowTestA { static void Main() { int i = 123; string s = "Some string"; object obj = s; try { // Invalid conversion; obj contains a string, not a numeric type. i = (int)obj; // The following statement is not run. Console.WriteLine("WriteLine at the end of the try block."); } finally { // To run the program in Visual Studio, type CTRL+F5. Then // click Cancel in the error dialog. Console.WriteLine("\nExecution of the finally block after an unhandled\n" + "error depends on how the exception unwind operation is triggered."); Console.WriteLine("i = {0}", i); } } // Output: // Unhandled Exception: System.InvalidCastException: Specified cast is not valid. // // Execution of the finally block after an unhandled // error depends on how the exception unwind operation is triggered. // i = 123 }
static void Main() { int n; try { // Do not initialize this variable here. n = 123; } catch { } // Error: Use of unassigned local variable 'n'. Console.Write(n); }
Eg: const string _name = "Test";
class X {}
sealed class Y : X {}
Sealed methods –
class A
{
protected virtual void First() { }
protected virtual void Second() { }
}
class B : A
{
sealed protected override void First() {}
protected override void Second() { }
}
I don't think 3 methods you mention are a perfect match.
I'm not fully sure what you mean by Agile & XP. I mean is there some other method besides XP which you want to use or was it just a clarification? Anyway, I assume the latter.
Having said that, it's not that hard to use subset of Prince2 to deal with formal side of project management and build the product according to rules proposed to FDD/XP. It just means you will have to carefully choose what you take from Prince2 and what you leave outside your toolbox. By the way: Prince2, similarly to most formal approaches assumes you use only a subset of the method - those which are relevant for specific team. Again it is different from agile approaches where you usually use everything and even add more practices/techniques specific for the team.
As alternative option you may consider exchanging Prince2 with something more agile supported with required set of formalisms. Scrum comes as one of ideas although it may be not sufficient if you think about a project for a customer which requires very formal approach to project management.
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